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Rabu, 22 Oktober 2008

What Is A Calorie Anyway

The term calorie refers to a non-SI unit of energy, where SI is “The International System of Units (abbreviated SI from the French phrase, Système International d'Unités”). There are two common but different meanings: one is used in food and nutrition, the other was formerly widely used in chemistry, and a food calorie represents 1000 chemistry calories. The food calorie is sometimes capitalized as Calorie to distinguish it from the chemistry calorie; however, this capitalization is rarely observed in practice.

The Nutrition Calorie

Nutritionists measure the energy content of food in "calories" (sometimes capitalized and abbreviated as Cal or sometimes C, or abbreviated kcal as if small calories were being used), where each food calorie represents 4,186 joules. This is equivalent to 1000 of the calories used in chemistry, and thus the food Calorie would be called a kilocalorie if small calories were being used. However, in chemistry calories have been deprecated as a scientific unit of measure in favor of joules, and therefore in common modern usage the word "calorie" usually refers to a food calorie.
This situation provides two ways of talking about the amount of calories in food which look quite different but that express the exact same amount of energy. One may say that dietary fat has nine kilocalories (kcal) per gram, while proteins and carbohydrates have four kcal per gram, or, one may say that fat has nine Calories per gram while carbohydrates and proteins have four Calories per gram.
The amount of food energy in a particular food is measured by completely burning the food in a bomb calorimeter, a method known as direct calorimetry
Dieticians recommend counting calories to avoid obesity. The government of the United Kingdom recommends consumption of no more than 2000 Calories (2000 kcal) by women each day and 2500 Calories (2500 kcal) by men each day.

The Physics and chemistry calorie

In physics or chemistry, a calorie (abbreviated cal) is a unit of energy that equals the amount of heat necessary to raise the temperature of one gram of water by 1 degree Celsius, at a pressure of 1 atm. This amount of heat depends somewhat on the initial temperature of the water, which results in various different units sharing the name of "calorie" but having slightly different energy values:
· the 15 °C calorie,
· the 4 °C calorie,da
· the mean 0 °C to 100 °C calorie,
· the International Steam Table calorie,
· the thermochemical calorie,
The slight variations in these units can be seen if you convert them to joules. For example, one 15 °C calorie is the amount of heat necessary to raise the temperature of 1 g of water from 14.5 °C to 15.5 °C. This is approximately equal to 4.1855 J or 3.968×10-3 Btu. The International Steam Table calorie is approximately equal to 4.1868 J and the thermochemical calorie 4.184 J.
Of these various units, what is most commonly meant by calorie in contemporary English text is the 15 °C calorie. The nutritional Calorie represents 1000 of these 15 °C calories.
Since this could be a source of confusion and error, these units are now deprecated. The International System of Units (SI) unit for heat (and for all other forms of energy) is the joule (J), while the (obsolete) cgs (centimeter gram second system of units) system uses the erg (unit of energy and mechanical work in the centimeter-gram-second system)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

Before start losing weight and counting calories you must first calculate the number of calories your body needs everyday, because this amount changes from person to person, depending on sex, age, weight, muscle content or height. Averages are situated around 2000 calories for women and 2500 for men. An easy, but not so accurate calculation is that for every 500 less than your normal amount of calories eaten every day you will lose up to one pound (453,6g) per week.
Counting calories must be included as part of your diet, because when you loss weight is best to know how many calories your food has, and so ensuring that the amount of calories burned each day is more than the amount stored. All nutritionists agree that a healthy low fat diet without counting calories could not exists, so take your time and solve that problem with various calorie calculators. By knowing all the time the amount of calories consumed you can control how much you can eat and how it will affect your body. When dieting and counting the calories you can eat almost anything as long as you do not exceed the number of calories burned every day.
When you eat fewer calories, your body is forced to consume the fat stored to make up the deficit in your calorie count. Nutritionist’s advice is that you must combine psychical exercises with healthy eating in order to create some calorie deficit.



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Weight Loss Specific Diets

It is believed that the best way to lose and maintain weight loss is by selecting a diet that provides sustainable nutrition and also a diet plan depending on a persons potential to reduce weight and according to their choice and temperaments.
These following diets are recommended by nutrition experts and most important by the people that successfully used them.

Cabbage Soup Diet

The Soup Diet contains negligible calories and is based on a fat-burning process. This diet consist on a combination of food that almost force you to starve everyday although you are allowed to consume all the water and cabbage soup you want and a very restricted set of other foods.
The cabbage soup diet has a 7 days diet plan losing 10 to 15 pounds. This plan includes a variety of low-calorie vegetables like cabbage, onions, and tomatoes, flavored with bouillon, onion soup mix, and tomato juice.
Each day has a specific foods including potatoes, fruit juice, many vegetables, and on a single day, beef.
In day one you can eat only fruit any fruit you want except banana and as much soup as you like. Drink only unsweetened tea, black coffee, cranberry juice, and water.
For day two stay away from dry beans, peas, and sweet corn but you can eat fresh, raw, or cooked vegetables. For dinner eat a big baked potato with butter for your satisfaction. Of course as much soup as you like but no fruit.
In day three combine days one and two but no baked potato.
Day four is supposed to reword your desire for sweets, so eat eight bananas and drink as many glasses of skim milk as you would like. Don’t forget your soup!
In day five you may have 300-500g of beef (10-20 ounces) and up to six fresh tomatoes. If you want you can change the beef with boiled fish or baked chicken. It is recommended to drink at least 6 to 8 glasses of water to wash the uric acid from your body. Eat your soup at least once this day.
In day six eat beef and vegetables and two or three steaks with fresh vegetables or salad but no baked potato. Eat your soup at least once today.
This final day you can eat all you want of brown rice, unsweetened fruit juices, and vegetables, of curse at least your soup once and no bread, alcohol, or carbonated beverages, not even diet soda.

Medifast is a weight loss plan using meal replacements AND real food. The program has been prescribed by doctors especially for obese people.
Medifast comes with a 5 and 1 plan and is made up of 5 meal replacements per day - generally shakes, but also bars, soups, oatmeal, and puddings.
One meal per day is contains a small portion of lean meat, and up to 2 cups of salad or vegetables. The eating periods are at every 2-3 hours and you must drink minimum of 64oz of water per day.
The 5 and 1 plan is a vast improvement on some of their previous programs and although is not a very low calorie diet, you can loss 2-5 pounds per week.

An other very popular diet is called 3-Hour Diet and is a book written by fitness author Jorge Cruise - "The 3-Hour Diet - How Low-Carb Diets Make You Fat and Timing Makes You Thin”
The basic premise of the 3 Hour Diet is to eat a meal every 3 hours. The main idea is to increase metabolism, and to help maintain consistent energy levels throughout the day.
Jorge Cruise recommends exercise, 8 minutes every day!
Every day meals are based on a source of lean protein, carbs, and healthy fats and the various fast food and frozen food. The calorie amounts of the suggested daily meals amount to 1450 calories per day. The 3-Hour Diet is heavy on processed food - which can be of questionable nutritional value.

What is a GI diet?

Foods with a high GI value cause a rapid rise in blood sugar. This can often leave you feeling hungry within a short time, and will often result in eating a snack. If this pattern is repeated often, you will gain weight by constantly overeating.
Diets based on low GI value encourage you to avoid eating foods with a high GI value and it helps to prevent swings in blood sugar, helping you feel fuller longer. Most GI diets recommend reducing fat and especially saturated fats.
The Glycemic Impact Diet is an excellent diet because it takes the best from other diets like South Beach Diet and the Zone Diet and combines them with easy-to-follow advice.

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Selasa, 07 Oktober 2008

Yoga And Weight Loss

Yoga and weight loss do not mix unless you are practicing Ashtanga or power yoga. Nevertheless this should not stop you from practicing it because Yoga is an excellent discipline for flexibility, coordination and stress reduction. Aerobic exercises are most indicated for fast calorie-burn, but these require continuous work with large muscles groups for long periods of time (up to 1 hour). This way you will add lean muscle tissue, which will help the metabolism and burn a lot of calories. Diets based on some yoga principles (vegetarian with no meat, fish or eggs, no coffee, tea , spicy or fried foods) would help losing weight also. Another way of losing weight is by decreasing your everyday calorie consumption and increase daily activities.

Ashtanga Yoga is being taught by Sri K. Pattabhi Jois in Mysore, India. Here Ashtanga Yoga Research Institute is located. Breathe synchronizing along with postures series will give you an improved circulation, a calm mind and of course a light and strong body, by purifying sweat that detoxifies muscles and organs.

Patanjali Ashtanga Yoga literally means "eight-limbed yoga" while the following eight spiritual practices will drive you to the path for revealing the Universal Self, as Patanjali says. Yama or moral codes, Niyama or self-purification and study, Asana or posture, Pranayama or breath control, Pratyahara or sense control, Dharana or concentration, Dhyana or meditation and Samadhi or contemplation.

An ancient manuscript, Yoga Korunta, that was said to contain lists of many groupings of asanas, vinyasa, drishti, bandhas, mudras, and philosophy, makes the base for Ashtanga Yoga as recorded by the sage Vamana Rishi. Pattabhi Jois has been teaching Ashtanga Yoga since 1948, after the text of the Yoga Korunta was passed down to him by Sri T. Krishnamacharya in 1927.
Yama, niyama, asana, pranayama which make the first four limbs are considered to be external cleansing practices that are pretty correctable, while pratyahara, dharana and dhyana are considered to be internal ones that are not correctable and can be really dangerous to the mind if the correct Yoga method isn’t followed.

Vinyasa and tristhana must be used in order to perform asana correctly in Ashtanga Yoga.
Vinyasa or breathing and movement system involves for each movement only one breath. There are nine vinyasas and, as an example, the first one is inhaling while raising your arms over your head, and hands together, the second is exhaling while bending forward and placing your hands next to your feet, etc.

While synchronizing breathing and movement in the asanas heats the blood, it also cleans it, improving the circulation, relieving joint pain and removing toxins and disease from all internal organs. Impurities are carried out of the body trough the sweat generated by the heat of vinyasa, making your body healthier, lighter and stronger.

Tristhana, on the other hand, refers to the union of posture, breathing system and looking place, in order to cover the three most important levels of purification: the body, nervous system and mind.

Asana is the method for purifying and strengthening the body and it is grouped into six series: the Primary Series called Yoga Chikitsa are responsible for detoxifying the body, the Intermediate Series called Nadi Shodhana for purifying the nervous system and the Advanced Series A, B, C, and D called Sthira Bhaga are responsible for integrating the strength and grace of the practice. Before proceeding to the next, each level must be fully developed and the rigorous order of asanas must be followed.

The breathing technique that comes with vinyasa it’s called ujjayi or victorious breath, and it consists of inhalation and exhalation or puraka and rechaka. Both must be of the same length and intensity or the exercise will not be complete. Over time, the increased stretching of the breath will initiate the increased stretching of the body.

Among the essential components of the ujjayi we can find Bandhas, which means, “lock” or “seal”. Its main purpose is to unlock and direct the pranic energy to the 72,000 nadi (energy channels) of the subtle body.



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Sabtu, 04 Oktober 2008

Mothers’ Advice On Weight Loss Is Sound

Training with Weights

It is well known that working out with weights, especially when trying to lose unwanted pounds has a lot of important benefits. Calories are burned by intense workout even after ending it, because your metabolism is being elevated for up to 40 hours after your actual workout. Metabolism being simulated, it will continue to burn calories for a long time, but first you must workout pretty hard. Another benefit is that carbohydrates power your intense training sessions, and the longer the session, the more carbohydrates are depleted and so the more calories and fat are burned after the workout. For example, remember that one study showed that 15 exercises per month could lead to over 20 pounds of fat burned over a year if the exercises are 50 minutes long at 50 percent of oxygen uptake. Other important aspect is while you are training your body adds some leas muscle, which are “metabolically active”. This means that muscles are able to burn calories after your workout is complete. Some studies have shown that for one pound of muscle added, your body burns another 40 or more calories per day while not exercising, so for an extra 10 pounds of muscle, one pound of fat will be burnt within a week. On the other hand, if you plan do lose weight by taking a diet and no training exercises two bad things will occur. The first one is that half of your weigh loss will be muscle, which will cause bad thing and the second one is a slower metabolism. Such a metabolism will lead to gain all the weight back and even add some extra pounds. In conclusion, a good training with weights is very powerful and it is a must for a weight loss program and a healthy life.

Drink More Water

Maybe anyone of us is bored with this old fashion method, but think, how many really drink enough water? If you thought of, let’s say 2 or 3 8 once glasses, this in not it, better try at least 10. Yes, 10 8 ounce glasses equals one water gallon per day. This is the minimum amount of water you should drink in order to lose some weight. This may look as an enormous amount of water but first of all, you must consider that our bodies consist of over 70 percent water and that without water you can’t live for more than a few days, where, without food you can survive even few weeks. Our body needs this water to deplete harmful toxins as well as maintain its daily functions and lose unnecessary fat.
The problem occurs if your body is not getting the exact amount of water it needs and as a consequence it will hold on to that water as much as it can and your body will become bloated. To get rid of that excess you should, even if it sounds awkward, drink more water which will let the body do its vital functions. Even if almost all of the excess that your body starts dropping afterwards is still water, this will begin to help it run more efficiently. Dropping fat, sometimes up to 4 or 5 pounds in the first week, is a consequence to that efficient run.
Another known trick is to drink ice cold water. Why? Because your metabolism will try to heat that water, in order to use it properly, and you will lose a lot of calories needed for the heating process. In this way you can burn another 500 calories per week if you drink about one gallon of ice cold water per day.

Eat 6 meals a day

The meal frequency is maybe the most important aspect of your nutrition. If done right, it will become the key to the body that you wish for. These meals must be combined with physical exercises otherwise they do not work efficiently. Eating 6 meals a day is not easy at all considering the fact that you have to eat at every 2 or 3 hours, tops. Yes, you have to prepare your meals and make your protein shakes at home and then carry them in high quality thermoses to work with you. High protein meals or shakes are a must if you plan to have a healthy nutrition and to lose weight at the same time. You also have to withstand all the comments from family and friends and to hold yourself from eating what everybody else is eating almost all of the time, even if it is Christmas, Easter or any other celebrating event. You are able to eat some of the food which is available but only small quantities. Do not do excesses. It is known that eating right may not be easy, but it is a must if you really want to achieve a desirable body, in the shortest amount of time.
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Acupuncture, Sauna, And Other Methods That Help You Lose Weight

Weight loss and maintenance are major problems, and a good program involves diet, exercise and stress reduction techniques.
Acupuncture is an adjunct therapy in the problem of weight control and is effective in making it easier to lose and maintain that loss if the patient is willing to change their lifestyle.
Acupuncture needles inserted into specific points on the body and in the ear release endorphins. This process has a calming and relaxing effect therefore it easier to deal with stress, frustration and anxiety. This dysfunctions can trigger overeating and bingeing on fattening foods.
Also acupuncture can help rebalance the organ systems that are running too fast or too slow in the case of overweighing, the metabolism and will power.
The acupuncturist has to submit you to a few preliminary tests before starting a treatment. In the next phase the acupuncturist would devise a treatment protocol using a combination of ear and body points.
Many of the points that are important for weight loss treatments are:
Stomach is helps the person who eats even after they're full or who's constantly nibbling.
Hungry, for general appetite control.
Lung is for food addicts, and people who love chocolate, sweets.
Shenmen is a calming point, for the psychology overlay for anxiety, anger, frustration and insecurity.
Mouth is a point for the impulsive eater who may also smoke and talk a lot.
Endocrine regards water retention that's responsible for some of the weight gain.
Adrenal and Ovary helps if weight gain is due to menopause or P.M.S..
Spleen is responsible for sugar imbalances and hormonal disturbances.
Kidney is responsible for water retention, and nervous system and hormonal imbalances and Thyroid for slow metabolism.
For treatment the practitioner chooses two or more of these points depending upon the patient's problem and personality profile.
This type of treatment causes a mild endorphin release and relaxes the patient and helps them to regain their willpower or confront the temptation to eat.
The number of acupuncture treatments necessary for each patient depends on his goals for losing weight, the speed and his commitment to keep the weight off.
Hypnosis can be very effective in changing eating habits, building motivation, reducing negative thoughts or ignoring the negative feelings your body experiences.
Hypnosis performed by a competent professional will assist best in the context of a concerted, conscientious effort to change old habits and establish new healthier ones.
The base idea is that hypnosis makes your mind relaxed and more open to therapeutic suggestions encouraging behavioral changes.
Sauna bathing is well tolerated, safe, and has therapeutic value, according to a study published in The American Journal of Medicine for most healthy people, as well as for most patients with stable coronary heart disease. The authors of a study from Finland and the Division of Cardiology, Washington Hospital Center, Washington D.C examined the benefits and risks of sauna bathing for healthy adults and children, as well as for patients with coronary heart disease, hypertension, and congestive heart failure.
Also this study shows that a normal person can easily sweat off 250 grams of sweat in a sauna which equals to 200 to 300 calories. The most important factor is that while the weight of the water lost can be regained by rehydration with water, the calories will not be.

Aromatherapy seems to be the most promising unconventional method in the battle with the weight, mostly because smell is a very important component of taste, which directly relates to eating and satiety.
Alan Hirsch, a neurologist and psychiatrist at the Smell & Taste Treatment and Research Foundation made a research in this domain discovering that specific aromas can deprogram overweight people whose normal response to the smell of rich foods like chocolate or pizza or ice-cream is to become hungry and overeat.
Another study was performed at St. George's Hospital in London, testing a skin aroma patch that released the aroma of vanilla to help reduce cravings for high-calorie sweet foods and drinks.
The participants on this study lost about 4 1/2 pounds in four weeks. The researchers considered that very sweet smells release serotonin which is a brain chemical that makes you feel good similar to the effects of chocolate, a free calories chocolate.
The bottom line for all these methods is: if people really think that something will help them lose weight, then that is what makes it work.
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